Friday, April 18, 2014

The Himalayas - on Top of the World

Darjeeling, in the Himalayas
April, 2014


We have flown across the Indian continent - from Bangalore in Southern India through Calcutta, to Bagadora in the far northern Himalayan Mountains. We made the treacherous drive from the airport on windy one-lane dirt roads with no guard rails on the cliffs' edge, to Darjeeling, a former British Hill Station founded in 1839 known as the "Queen of the Hills." At 7000 feet above sea level, the city is built up on hillsides with terraces and steep cliffs that hold precariously placed small tin shacks, crumbling buildings and a crowded bazaar. Electrical wires hang like tree limbs, across streets, alleys and the front of buildings. 

On a rare clear morning if you are very lucky you can see a magnificent snow-covered mountain range named Kanchenjunga, whose five peaks are called the "Five Treasures of the Snow," in Tibetan. The third highest peak in the world (28,166 feet and Everest is 29,028 feet), Kanchenjunga is just behind the clouds in this photo but impossible to capture with my camera. We were lucky to see her on our second morning in Darjeeling - many people spend weeks here and don't have the chance to see it because of the heavy fog that hangs over the valley. We were blessed. It is simply magestic, powerful, breathtaking, unforgettable.



Darjeeling is alive with the constant noise of blaring car horns which is softened only by the melodic sounds of the Muslim call to prayer five times a day. Locals and a few tourists weave together, in and out of cars and motorbikes, with only a sliver of street to walk on and no sidewalks. The juxtaposition of poverty and luxury is everywhere: women and children filling dirty plastic buckets with water from public wells and sewage running between shacks, and then up high near Observatory Hill, lie the elegant heritage hotels with white table linens, stuffed wing back chairs, pianos, game tables with marble chess sets and attentive waiters serving high tea. For me, the grungy charm of Darjeeling is somehow infused with a strong spiritual energy emanating perhaps, from the many Buddhist monasteries and the Tibetan refugees who make their home in these mountains. Or maybe the mountain air just makes me high. But there is something very special here.


People look very different from Southern Indians, many are Nepalese and some look Chinese or Mongolian. They are friendly and more relaxed than the city-dwellers of Bangalore. Living up here in the mountains above 7000 feet takes a certain stamina and a hearty personality. The winters are long and cold, the rains come down hard and wash away the roads damaging the fragile huts and houses that are built up like Tinker Toys along the side of the mountain. I have never seen anything like this. It's simply magnificent. This is the view from our hotel.




Here's the story of our journey....

Sunday, April 13,
Our trekking guide, Sanjeev, comes from a Tibetan family and grew up in Darjeeling to become an experienced guide with a sparkle in his eye. He is in his early 30's and has a three month old daughter and a wife at home in the countryside outside of Darjeeling. Sanjeev met us at the airport and we began our three hour drive up the mountain to the village of Kuresong, high in the Himalayas where houses, hotels and huts are built up around the surrounding hillsides and small brush fires burn everywhere, sending plumes of black smoke up into the sky. 

We stayed at Cochrane Palace on Pankhabari Road Fatakdara, a Heritage Hotel filled with old books, hiking gear, paintings from the British era, with rooms that are named after famous mountaineers. We drank hot Darjeeling milk tea with our delicious North Indian meal and made plans for our upcoming trek with Sanjeev. He warned us that it would likely be very cold. We would need down coats, hats and gloves...That's not what I read on weather.com... I opened our window at bedtime to breathe in the clean, crisp mountain air and a gust of wind blew the window back into my face. The mountains were speaking.


The next morning Adam made friends with the policeman in charge of the famous Darjeeling Himalayan Railway known as the Toy Train. Built by the British and opened in 1881, it was a bold engineering feat to establish a rail link across this tightly twisting terrain. The train brought the priviledged Brits seeking relief from the Delhi heat up to the magnificent Himalayan Hill Stations. It still runs on its original tracks that were built at a two foot gauge to enable the line to traverse the terrain. We boarded the train for our four mile descent down to Darjeeling and stopped at the Ghoom station,  the highest point reached by the railway at 7,407 feet. 








Monday, 14,
Our first stop in Darjeeling was the Tibetan Self Help Center and Orphanage. Established in 1959 to house Tibetan refugees fleeing the Chinese, it now provides shelter for older Tibetans, an orphanage, school, hospital and a monastery. There is a work room where women roll up balls of wool of all colors that they have dyed using natural colors from plants - purple, gray, blue, green, yellow, read...all lined up in musty boxes for sale. We visited the weaving room where women sit on the floor weaving traditional Tibetan rugs with old wooden hand looms. The colorful carpets tell stories with flowers and symbols honoring the Tibetan culture. Our guide said that the women are grateful to be there because they can practice their faith freely, but their faces look worn and tired. The walls are covered with pictures of the Dali Lama and "Free Tibet" bumper stickers and posters. Their story is heartbreaking, tragic, cruel.



Claudia asked this man about his story of fleeing Tibet. He said he was forced to leave as a seven year old child with his parents and since then, they have never been able to contact their family members back home. He has not seen his grandparents, cousins, aunts, uncles, they are lost forever. He said that if he tried to contact them the Chinese government would punish and maybe murder them, for talking to family members outside of China, who are practicing a forbidden religion. The man told Claudia he was grateful to be in the refugee center but his life in Darjeeling, at this state run workshop, showroom and orphanage is not home. 

His eyes lit up, his voice got louder, and he was talking faster, and soon tourists gathered around while Claudia asked more questions. He was passionate about his dream of a free and independent Tibet and said the Tibetan people are strong and while the Chinese tried to kill them all, they have survived, and their leader, the Dalai Lama, is powerful and friendly with all the world leaders. "He writes books and speaks all over the world - sharing his wisdom and the story of the Tibetan people. We will survive," he said, with a sadness in his eyes. "Tell the world our story, please." Then he went back to adding up the prices of the balls of yarn that tourists had lined up to purchase. I bought many gifts in the shop - Tibetan flags, a singing prayer bowl, Buddha statues, and gifts for my sisters and friends and family. I wanted to buy everything to support them. As a Jewish person, I feel especially connected to their story and to all the Tibetan refugees scattered in their own diaspora around the world.




Claudia played "patty cake" with one of the orphan girls.


Tuesday, 15,
We visited the Himalayan Mountaineering Institute, founded by Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first Prime Minister, in 1954. The legendary Sherpa, Tenzing Norgay was the first Director of Field Training for the Institute's classes in mountaineering. Norgay's grave and the larger-than-life statue of him stands at the entrance to the Institute. The museum is filled with climbing gear from the earliest days, including the primitive-looking wool clothing and old leather gear used by Norgay and Edmund Hillary, the first men to summit Everest. On our way down we visited the Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park, home to India's only Siberian tigers, and other endangered species such as the Red Panda and the Tibetan Wolf. We watched a lonely looking Snow Leopard pacing back and forth in his cage.

After our lunch at Little Tibet Boutique Hotel we went to a trekking store to rent sleeping bags and down coats, and we bought gloves and long underwear to prepare for our trek. We all knew it would be very cold in the late afternoon and evening in the mountains. Back at our hotel, Adam played guitar with one of the waiters and taught him some Jason Mraz songs. Then we prepared for Passover dinner. Adam worked alongside the kitchen staff and taught them how to make charosset - chopping apples and adding cinnamon, red wine, cashews and honey. They were excited to learn a recipe from an enthusiastic American teenager.


We carried a huge box of Matzoh imported from Israel that we got from the Chabad Rabbi in Bangalore, and our guide found some fine Califorian and Chilean wine. Claudia made the sedar plate with a shank bone (we got that from the Chabad Rabbi, and we roasted and froze it and packed it in our luggage), an egg, parsley, ginger for horseradish, and charosset. Adam and Claudia set the table with the matzoh plate and candles and our guests arrived - three Americans - a Fulbright professor from CA and a husband and wife from Maine named David and Shira. We invited our guide, Sanjeev, and the hotel manager to join our sedar.

Adam designed and printed his own Hagaddah in Bangalore and brought copies for everyone, along with his Bar Mitzvah Talis. He led the service - without any help - and when we went around the table and shared what we were thankful for Sanjeev and the hotel manager both said they were grateful to learn about Judaism and share our traditions. Noah played the guitar and we danced around the table to Hava Nageela and other songs. It was a joyous dinner - and while we missed our family back home - it was such a gift to celebrate our traditions up in the Himalayan Mountains and to share them with other Jews and non-Jews. For me, it was a blessing to see my son, wearing his Talis and running the service. Claudia did a great job assisting her brother. Gave me chills...



Wednesday, 16,
Claudia decided that she didn't want to go on the trek - the guide told us it was going to be very very cold and it's a long uphill hike and her gut instinct was to stay behind. Turns out it was a wise choice. Noah and Adam took off early in the morning and when they called that night they said it was FREEZING and the trek was very difficult. Claudia and I spent the day at the elegant Elgin Hotel where she played the piano, we had a gourmet lunch, walked around the grounds and Claudia got a manicure and I got a massage. In the late afternoon we headed back to our hotel and ordered room service and watched TV...while the boys were freezing up in the mountains.



At the Elgin, under the gazebo, sunlight streams in and the air is clear. Claudia played with two huge Alaskan Samoyed dogs in the front yard. She found her friends. The gazebo is surrounded by small manicured gardens with palm trees, daisies, marigolds and azaleas - purple, yellow, bright orange, blue...and I can hear birdsong everywhere. It is an oasis separating us from the noise and chaos of Darjeeling - yet we are just outside the main Mall Road and Ghandi Road. Claudia and I are staying one block down the street at the Summit Yashshree suites and spas, but we are making the Elgin our home during the day.



Thursday, 17, 
Claudia and I set out on an early morning visit to the Ghoom Monastery. Built in the 1850's it is a small, colorful building with a huge Buddha sculpture, many prayerbooks, and framed photos of the Dalai Lama at different ages. A young monk unlocked the door for us and lit some of the oil lamps as Claudia and I quietly walked around the sacred space. We paid 100 rupees for the right to take a few photos and we gave a donation to the temple. It was powerful to be in that space. I could feel the energy.... We said a prayer for all our loved ones, especially Susan Kaplan and Maya and Aiden and for Evey. Then we sang the Shema prayer. Somehow I find myself singing the Shema in holy places - all over the world. It's my comfort prayer. My all around life prayer.



We drove back down the windy roads  to our favorite place - the Elgin Hotel where Claudia played with the dogs and I did some writing. We met a nice couple, Roland (from Germany) and Kavita (from India) and they joined us for tea and cookies. We walked up together to the town square and Claudia bought a big yellow balloon which was quickly carried away by the strong wind - flying out over the Himalayas. She played with a jar of bubbles and chased flocks of pigeons.



Most of the stores were closed for Election Day and we were excited to see the world's largest democracy in action. Soldiers filled the streets and stood guard outside polling places. Voters emerged from the polls with their right pointer finger dipped in permanent ink as proof that they had voted. We got inside one of the voting centers and saw that the voter rolls had photos of every citizen. No hanging chads here!!!


In the evening Claudia wrote in her poetry book and called Nana and read her every poem. It was so beautiful for me to lisen to my daughter proudly read her writing to my mother. And Nana was in heaven. The poems are very good - and the message sounds like it's coming from a wise, old soul, not a ten year old. Nana said she would share the poems with the members of the writing class that she teaches in Delray Beach. When we ended our Skype call with Nana Claudia told me she feld honored that her grandmother was going to use her poems in an adult writing class. She has been talking about this ever since... 

Friday, April 18, 
Today we had a special visit from two Tibetan monks who are friends with one of my yoga teachers named Lama from Bangalore. They joined us for lunch at our hotel and told us how they  both decided to become monks at the age of 13, and they described their daily lives - prayer at 5AM, studying, praying and teaching all day. They are both called Lopen - they are official monks and they are now teachers. Their big project is building a new monastery for their ten students in Darjeeling. They were very interested in learning about Judaism and they understood how we felt connected to the plight of the Tibetan people. Tonight is Shabbat and Claudia and I are headed back to the Elgin to light the candles and count our blessings...Shabat Shalom.




     

Tuesday, February 25, 2014

Sari Shopping for Nirmala's Wedding

We feel so lucky to have Nirmala in our lives – she works as our house manager, cook and housekeeper. She has worked for Expat families for over ten years and she speaks English, Tamil, Hindi, and the local dialect called Kannada - and she's a great cook. I have not cooked a meal, done dishes, cleaned or washed clothes for two months! I have been thinking about how much time I spend doing those things back home and wonder how I can possibly do things differently, more efficiently (or get some help) when I return. I am much more productive (and happier) when those chores are off my back. And I enjoy spending time with Nirmala - she teaches our children about local culture and we are getting to know her family and life story.  

Nirmala told me on Monday that she was getting married on Friday, which was Valentines Day. She has lived with her partner Mahesh for seven years and they decided to make it official with a church wedding (they are Catholic). 

Sari shopping
I asked Nirmala if she had a new dress for the wedding and she said “no, but I'm fine. I’ll wear one of my outfits.” I asked her if she would like a new sari and offered to take her shopping. Nirmala was thrilled because she said if I gave her the money for a sari she would spend it on her family, but if we bought her a sari she would wear it. So Claudia and I took her shopping and Nirmala tried on 10 different saris and she looked beautiful in all of them. She wanted Claudia to choose the one she would wear for her wedding – and Claudia was honored.

Before meeting Mahesh, Nirmala was married to an abusive man. They had two sons and when she was pregnant with their third son, he walked out on her. He had abused Nirmala for years and she finally got the courage and the money to get a divorce and change her life. She never wanted to see him again so she moved in with her mother and cut him off. It’s especially difficult in a culture where women without husbands are often treated with disdain. Nirmala said her friends and family were very worried about her and some said it was better to be married – even to an abusive man – than to be a divorced woman in India. But she left – and started over. 


Nirmala and her cousin in her kitchen
Nirmala said her life was very difficult and many times she went hungry – but she did it and she even enrolled her boys in a private Catholic school. She values education more than anything and is very strict with her boys – she doesn’t allow them to leave the house after school – they have to stay in and do their homework – and Nirmala doesn’t want them playing with other kids from the neighborhood – she thinks they are a bad influence.

  Nirmala and Mahesh and two sons...and our family
We met Thomas, Kevin and her younger son at her “anniversary party” which was really her ‘wedding party’ – she called it her 'Thanksgiving party.' We were honored to be invited to her home and we brought a huge cake with two hearts that said Congratulations Nirmala and Mahesh. Her house was in a crowded neighborhood on the second floor – just two rooms – and all three boys sleep in the living room – the eldest and youngest share a twin bed (which serves as the couch and TV lounging area during the day) and Kevin, her middle son, sleeps on the floor. They have one small bedroom for Nirmala and Mahesh and a very small kitchen and bathroom with no shower, just a bucket for washing. There are a few Christian prayer plaques on the wall – they are part of a Baptist evangelistic church, and some family photos. And I saw a few books and games, a very old TV and there is lots of love and laughter. 

The party was wonderful – Nirmala invited her mother and sisters and cousins and some friends and we were the only foreigners – she said we were the guests of honor. There was not enough room for people to eat in her apartment so she sent us downstairs with a few of her friends to eat in her mother’s apartment – which was smaller than Nirmala’s. 




Nirmala and her mother
After dinner Noah and Adam played the guitar and sang and her family and friends loved it. The guests didn’t know the Beatles and Dylan songs, but they clapped along and sang the chorus. It was a wonderful evening. 

It’s hard to imagine how Nirmala and Mahesh will ever climb out of their hand to mouth situation. They both work for ex pat families – he is a full time driver for Goldman Sachs – he probably makes 30,000 rupees a month ($491) and Nirmala makes 22,000 ($271) we pay her double what the average cook is paid because we felt awful paying less to someone who is doing so much work – and she asked for the bigger salary because she is an experienced house manager – not just a cook…still, I give her extra money at the end of the week and buy her things like an oven. Nirmala didn’t have an OVEN. She is a great cook but told me that she onl had a microwave and when she wanted to bake a cake or cookies she would bake it at what she calls,  “my ma’am’s house” and then bring it home on the bus. 

Nirmala's family...

I took Nimala to the store and asked her to pick out an oven and we had our driver take Nirmala and the oven home to her apartment (she usually takes the bus).  We plan to give her son Thomas Noah’s guitar when we leave, and we will give her all of our household supplies and we plan to help with the kids’ school tuition…that is the least that we can do. Nirmala brings joy and laughter, spirituality, calm and great food into our home. We are blessed.



Lighting Up Bangalore's Slums With Solar Powered Lights

All around Bangalore, wedged between gleaming new apartment towers, and hidden in the back of construction sites and highway underpasses, tens of thousands of people live in makeshift tent communities and slums. Breathing in the stench of sewage and garbage, the children who live there play with broken pieces of construction materials and objects they pick out of the trash. 



Children of migrant workers living in tent community. Their families cook, eat and sleep on dirt floors with no access to water, sanitation or electricity. Until recently, their only source of light was a kerosene lamp, which emits toxic fumes that fill the small plastic-covered tents with black smoke, causing respiratory problems, burns and fires.

But a new kind of light is now replacing the dangerous kerosene. An innovative Australian non-profit called Pollinate Energy has developed an inexpensive solar powered light that can also charge mobile phones (many slum dwellers have phones). The business model is simple: train a local sales force called “Pollinators” to sell the lights, and provide them with mentors who teach entrepreneurial skills, enabling the Pollinators to build their own businesses.



Tent slum community next to luxury apartment construction site
Pollinate Energy is a clean energy organization running at full speed fueled by positivity and millennial passion. Its founders, who are in their twenties, call it a social business – a financially stable organization whose mission is to “create sustainable solutions to social problems.” Pollinate began its operations in the slums of Bangalore in 2012 and today it has a staff of three and 20 full-time Pollinators who have sold over 3500 lights. The company was recently awarded a Momentum for Change Award from the United Nations Climate Change secretariat. The award recognizes innovative solutions that address both climate change and wider economic, social and environmental challenges.

The Pollinate model is to create self-sustaining micro-economies. The Pollinators work in slum communities where they live or have cultural connections that help them earn the trust of the residents. Wearing bright yellow shirts, they navigate the alleys of the tent communities selling and installing solar lighting systems. The Pollinators receive a monthly retainer and earn commission on each sale above their monthly targets.

Woman shows the solar panel that sits on top of her tent all day soaking up the sun
At the outset, the Pollinators have to push past generations-old cultural taboos to convince skeptical slum dwellers that a small 15 x 20 centimeter shiny flat panel tied onto the top of their tent will absorb enough energy from the sun to power a bright light AND charge a mobile phone. For many, that first sales pitch seems unthinkable – ‘How can a flat box light up my tent? We have always used kerosene.’ When prospective customers see the demonstration, however, word spreads quickly. The lights cost 1700 rupees (27 US dollars), paid in a five-week installment plan.
Once they pay it off, they are fueled for free by the blazing Bangalore sun. 

Migrant worker invited us into his tent to see his solar light
I recently toured one of the tent communities in North Bangalore with Pollinate’s co-founder Ben Merven. A Pollinator named Rajan translated as we talked to a migrant worker. Holding his baby, the worker told us that, with his new light, his daughter can play at night and his wife can see the food she is preparing. 

The worker proudly invited us inside his tent to see how it works and said he hopes his daughter will learn to read by that light. He also said that his family no longer has stinging eyes and hacking coughs. Studies have shown that lung damage from smoke 
exposure in non-ventilated tents can cause respiratory illnesses; the second largest cause of premature death in this population of women and young children. 
Merven says, “I enjoy working with a product that can change a family’s life – its such a simple concept and I love problem solving. I especially like working in India, it’s a place where we can stop talking and just do it. I also like the fact that these lights can enhance the safety of women and children in the tent camps at night.” Since 2012, Pollinate has provided 3,500 solar lights in 300 of Bangalore’s estimated 600 slum communities.

The problem of “energy poverty,” according to Merven, is widely prevalent, not just in Bangalore; across India one quarter of the population lives without access to electricity – that’s roughly 390 million people. And 235 million of those households cook over open fires fueled by kerosene and animal dung. To address that problem, Pollinate will soon be selling a new product - efficient, safer, low cost cook stoves. The organization plans to expand this year to Hyderabad and Chennai. Merven estimates that the use of solar lights has already saved 100,000 liters of kerosene and averted the polluting impact of 225,000 kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions.

Daughter of migrant worker
Pollinate’s business is fueled by highly motivated volunteer fellows – recent college graduates and professionals who raise funds to travel from Australia to work in India for a month training the Pollinators and learning the business. The fellows also partner with local Indian volunteers in the Young Indian Professional Programs. Merven says the goal is to “empower local Indian entrepreneurs and help inspire the next generation of social entrepreneurs.” Pollinate Energy hopes one day, to reach every city in India with a population over one million people, bringing light and hope.